Perception of Values by Students: A Case at Study Hena E

One of the major issues discussed in recent years, is the rapid change in the community. Especially the ending of communism, transition to the new millennium era, technology and modernity quickly entering into our lives changed living standards not only in Albania but also from the big cities to villages all over the world, access to technology issues and other differences gradually began to decline. In particular, the widespread use of the internet has led to the acceleration of this condition. Of course, every new addition is being a benefit to human life, radically altering, positive or negative, depending on your view point. We are newly living our social change that began with the industrial revolution in the West. Nowadays we are living the changing of the west fortunes that happened two hundred years ago. It should not be forgotten the current status of democratic values of the Western Society in the context of some level if we look with envy at all, in the context of moral values is not a situation we want to believe in. The western society lived long before and concluded this process as a way to spend more structured and balanced of our social, moral, cultural, national and to all the generations after us should be valued as we need to find the most appropriate method of transfer. So the theme of this research is the recognition of personal values, points of view known in recent years to the young student. The universe of study consists of 300 students that are studying in the academic year 2013-2014 at Hena e Plote Beder University. The aim of the research is the way how students understand the rapid change that is happening during recent years.


Introduction
After Industrial Revolution started in Europe, the longer years of social changes caused Europe to reach a point of no return.Despite of the significant plans in the Government Programs for the good of protection and survival of family, but serious remedies were not found for solving the problems, for the youth of those days were more alienated from the society they lived.
Actually, when European people and the people of less developed regions are considered, the differences are clearly seen in understanding of values.Of course, the perception of value is a subjective phenomenon.From human to human, from society to society the changes are vividly observed.On the other hand, values such as family, greeting, neighborhood, despite of being common denominator values of the whole world, are still exhibiting an image of losing tendency in European Human.
In this rapid changing period regarding technological era we live in, various changes in other nations are manifested in a very short time.In fact, the changes experienced are the same, the only difference is that the early change was slowly and rooted, the change of the modern era is immediate.The modern era and the Industrial Revolution brought radical changes and changed the concept of values on traditional life, while democracy individual liberty rises, there has been a decline in concepts of social values.As a result of this, sometimes even today as we cannot know our own children and we are unable to give meaning of the music they listen to and also the clothes they wear.
In fact, what's happening is not the lacking of giving values but the inability of the environment and families to provide them.Because human nature naturally prepares itself according to various conditions and environment and continues its life in the most harmless way.
But recently the social rapid changes in the world and in Albania have not been managed properly, integrated programs could not be developed into school curricula, and due to this concepts such as social differentiation, polarization, intolerance, lack of respect and tolerance are more commonly heard.
Wishing to be inside the democracy, especially after 2000's and trying to comply with the policy of States of European Union regarding not to let any problematic country, neither inside EU nor in neighboring regions.Even though Albanian society formerly were closed to outsiders, but serious differences and changes began taking place in the level of life due to rapidly integration to Europe.
In recent years, winning the right to free movement within the European Union, issues such as problems inside the family, divorces, violence against women etc. frequently emerge on the news on TV in Albania.While many people complain about the current situation, the absence of relevant regulations of this situation on government policies makes it even more difficult.

Literature review
There are many different meanings of the concept of value.The most basic of these meanings is the one derived from the Latin root "valere" that means "to be precious", "to be strong".Almost every branch of science has its own based definition of value.
Therefore, there are available definitions of values by philosophy, sociology, psychology and theology.Whereas the common point of these definitions can be expressed as the generally accepted behavior, abstract principles resulting from the creation of standards of goals and actions and a positive, strong sense of commitment inside the groups of people in a According to Dönmezer, values in general are considered as concepts separating people or societies from each other.On the basis of this distinction, the values are formed by emotions.Emotions lead to people's attitudes and actions, and to a certain extent are institutionalized.In this sense, moral and religious values in spite of being separate concepts have been intertwined with each other.(Dönmezer, S.1990).
According to Güngör, the most distinctive feature of moral behavior is indicated the classification of a number of people and ideas in the form of good and bad and he calls such provisions as the provisions of values.
Provisions of values are things that something is desirable or not, also we define it as good or bad.Generally people carry out evaluations about a behavior such as "generosity is beautiful", "theft is bad" etc.The necessary thing to note here is that moral provisions are also value provisions, but not all value provisions are things related to morality.(Güngör E.2000) Also, values are behaviors that have been accepted by most people and upon which compromise with accepted understandings.In other terms, they are beliefs and rules that show the way to our behaviors and guide us.(Oğuz E. 2012).

Discussions
Moral Values means another sense of morality.Because everything falling into the scope of morality is accepted as moral values.Moral Values are related to demonstrating good behaviors, as well as helping to gain a balanced and healthy personality.Behind any behavior that individual makes in everyday life, and behind all kinds of ideas revealed by people are considered as hidden moral values.Actually the moral personality and character of a person is understood by observing his/her behavior.
On the other hand, moral values by preventing people from despair and violence, have the power to be a light that can keep society safe from falling into anarchy.(Özen Y. 2011) One of the most important things for the continuity of a society in a healthy manner are the Moral Values for the properly growth and preparation of generations for the future.No matter how many different concepts of morality and values exist, there are common understandings that all parents and teachers have reached a consensus concerning those accepted values.
As long as human nature and thought's structure isn't corrupted, behavioral models that have to be given to generations are approximately the same all over the world.Therefore, the protection and transferring of them to new generations in a healthy way play vital importance.

Findings and Results
Our world is changing day by day, and proportionately new growing generations are also affected by those changes.People who grow without adequate education from family, and living social environment & educational institutions, in addition to a number of individual psychological problems, then become totally alien to the social environment they are obliged to.This situation leads to an exclusion of their societies and their involvement in crime.Therefore, it causes the growth of harmful things within the influenced children like a tumor.
In the aspect of influencing young people, the modern world in this period appears more cruel and influential than it has ever been before.With the usage of electronic devices in the hands of everyone, in a very short time there is an access to things that weren't accessible in the past times and this situation with the absence of control at sites causes a serious threat to our youth.In fact, Especially, unsociable generations get involved in harmful substances, sexuality and the other improper behaviors at an early age, sexuality and suffer from them in their young ages.
The most basic duty belongs to family about preparation of our generations in a healthy way for life.They shape the manners and attributes of a child for the whole life of the child.For children up to school age, the family is considered as the basic institution for teaching relevant values.Therefore, parents need to take special care of their behaviors.
Because parents should know that action speaks louder than words and more than the children learn not from what is said, but also they learn and affected from what older people do.(Kaymakcan, R. 2011).Also, school is known as in the complementary position of basics taught in family.
Therefore, there should be valorization in all courses taught, as well as in other educational activities for the betterment of the students in terms of getting feed backs for the following teaching steps.Even though the perception of a generally accepted value is a debated issue, what's mentioned here is that the values people have unquestionably agreed on are determined accepted behaviors by the society.
Especially nowadays, with the anxiety of living in modern life, parents who spend serious effort at work cannot be interested in a serious way with the children and are insufficient to provide the appropriate behavior to children during overall development periods.Most of the time children are left to a babysitter or daycare, and actually they grow without enough attention and affection from respective parents, then this situation leaves indelible marks in their lives.So, starting from the family, continuing to school, even both in college and in appropriate programs, there should be developed and advanced policies to edify our youth through equipping them with due social and religious values in relation to the preparation of them for the future.
After all these descriptions, we may specify college students' perceptions of values which are accepted by society in order to protect the next generation and successively.The priorities of values should be put on the table and how their impacts on the new generation might be seen for peaceful and desired society in the future.In this study, gender, living standards, family's economic status are likely to affect and generate perceptions of values by the students.As a result, the more values are taken for granted, the more values are ignored by by the young generation.
Therefore, considered values should be taught to new generation as sine qua non for the continuity of the peaceful society.When we examine the fathers' jobs the results are as follow: 11.9% unemployed, 6.67% farmers, 8.1% merchant, 24.29% state employee, 48.57% of them work in private sector.As seen in both tables the rates of work in private sector of one family is too big.Another remarkable point is the fact that more than the half of mothers do not work, they are unemployed.When the question above was asked to the male students, 18% of them think it is important and 14% of them think it is not necessary.On the other hand when this question was asked to the female students 41% of them think it is important and 14% of them think it is not necessary.So it is evident that females give twice more importance the fact that this course must be included in university curricula.In the follow tables, according to particular points such as the branch of studies and birthplace are given the opinions of students related with the importance of this course.24.76% of the male students to which was asked the question "Should subject "Importance of Values" be explained at schools?", answered positive, and 6.67% answered negative.53% of the female students answered positive and 15.24% answered negative.This ratio is of a great importance also to measure the percentage of the university students who vote the subject named "Importance of values".

Table-15:
According to the departments.Should the subject "importance of values" be explained at schools?

Table-15:According to the birthplace -Should the subject "Importance of values'' be explained at schools?
The results of answers of the question above, 50.48% of those students born in Albania answered positive and 9.05% of them answered negative.25.71% of the students born in Turkey answered positive and 12.38% of them answered negative.Finally when we asked from where they had acquired these values the results were as follow; 20.48% of the students said they gained these values from family, 12.86% of them from family and school, 6.67% of them from family and society, 31.9% of them from family, school and society, 28.1% of them from family and religious education.There are two important points in these statistics.The first one is that the largest percentage 31.9%says that gained these values from family, school and society.And the second point related to the previous one emphasizes the big role that plays family, school and society in the introduction and gaining of these values.In the tables below there are the statistics for the "acquiring of values", according to the branch of studies and birthplace.

Conclusion
During the 21 st parallel to the technological development, there have been a lot of changes also in the way of living.A part of these changes are evident in the understanding of values or we can say that it seems to be like this when looked from the outside.But in fact it is obvious that the lifestyle, life vision, and the viewpoint of the new generations are very different.I don't say that this situation is true or wrong.
In fact these differences cause difficulties between generations and social relations in terms of in understanding each other, and in establishing healthy social relationships.In this research in which the participators are students of Hëna e Plotë Bedër University, the results show that although the religious and moral values take the most important place, all the other values are of great importance in our lives.This situation in a century changing rapidly makes us to be more hopeful for the future, gives us courage and self-confidence to bring up the new generations.At the same time it is very important the inclusion of the values education in curricula, and the written and visual press should be used in order ta raise the development of these programs.It should be noted that the investment of these values in new generation will be a big step to be useful to society and humanity.
[4] Erol Güngör, Ahlak psikolojisi ve sosyal ahlak, Ötüken Neşriyat,2000 society.(Coşkun, Y. 2009) Values are standards where people put to define the good, the right, the beautiful and the ugly.In other word they are shared criteria and ideas indicating what social behaviors are good, right and desired.(Özkalp, E.2005) Value can be defined as the quality which determines the importance objects and events have in terms of a society, a class or a person.Objects and events that hold an importance for a society, a class or a person are included in the definition of value.(Büyük Sözlük, T.D.K. 2010) Özensel describes values as the most important dimensions giving meaning to the sociocultural elements.According to him, social person and that person's patterns of behavior creates values for the starting point of sociological investigation.(Özensel, E. 2003)

Table - 1: Gender
The Study area consists of students studying in different faculties and departments in Hena e Plote Beder University.There are totally 210 students participating in this research, 66(31.43%) of them are male, and 144 (68.57%) of them are female.During the Spring Period of 2013-2014 Academic Year, the students who study in Faculty of Humanities and the Faculty of Education and have contributed in our research are distributed in different departments in this way: 12% of them study English Language and Literature, 16.67% Turkish Language and Literature, 6.19% Pre-school and Elementary Education, 21.43% Counseling Psychology and Pedagogy, 15.4% Law, 23% Communication Sciences, 4.29% İslamic Sciences.

Table -
2% of samples taken for this study are born in Albania, 38.1% in Turkey, 3% in Kosovo, 0.48% in Macedonia, 0.48% of the other part are born in other countries.Based on these statistics it is obvious that the largest percentage of the samples consists of students with Albanian Nationality.The students born in Turkey and other countries are students which came in Albania for another purpose, which is education.This kind of education migration is related with the importance which is given education by Albanian state and the popularity of the university in this geographic region.95% of mothers are graduates of primary school, 44.9% high school and 14.76% of them are university graduates.Fathers' education level of primary school is lower than the mothers.According to this 24.29% of them are primary school, 45.71% high school, 30% of them are university graduates.The percentage of university graduate fathers is twice bigger than the percentage of university graduate mothers.The level of high school education is almost equal for both groups.When we examine the parent's job we see that: a large percentage of mothers are housewife 57.14%.The rest 3.33% of them are farmers, 5.24% merchant, 10.95% state employee, 23.33% of them work in private sector.

Table - 6: Do you think we protect values? Do you think we protect the values? Male Female
The question "Do you think we protect our values?"(Males) 26.66% answered positive, 4.76% negative.(Females) 56.7% answered positive, 11.9% answered negative.As seen from the results in the tables females state that they protect values more than the males.

Table - 7: According to the departments "Do you think we protect values?''
When this question was asked to different department students, the results are as follow: 8.1% of English Language and Literature students think positive, 4.29% of them negative; 15.71% of Turkish Language and Literature think positive, 0.95% negative; 4.29% of Pre-school and Education students think positive, 1.9% negative; 16.67% of Counseling Psychology and Pedagogy students think positive, 4.76% negative ; 13.33% of Law students think positive, 1.9 % negative; 21.43% of Communication Sciences students think positive, 2.38% negative; 3.81% of Islamic Sciences students think positive, 0.48% negative.

Table - 8: According to the birthplace "Do you think we protect values?" The
results of this question according to the birthplace are as follow: 51.9% of those born in Albania answered positive and 7.62% of them negative; students born in Turkey 29.05% positive, 9.05% negative; 1.43% of students born in Kosovo answered positive, 0.48% of students born in Macedonia answered positive.There were no negative answers from those born in Kosovo and Macedonia.Do you think w e protect the values?Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%)

Table - 9: List values according to priorities
In the list of values according to priorities Religious values take the first place with 51.43%. in the second place come the Moral values with 47.14% and in the third place come Social values with 43.81%.According to this order come the other values such Knowledge with 27.14%, Economical Status with 28.57%, External appearance with 30% and Political Values with 36.67%.In the list of values according to priorities, the first place is taken by Religious values because of the importance that is given to religion by this country.Although Albania is part of Balkans in the geographical context, it seems to have a different kind of understanding and way of living.On the other hand, the large percentage of moral values shows the great importance that students give to this value.

Table - 10: Do you think students at university should see courses on importance of values? Do you think students at University should see courses on importance of values?
The question "Do you think students at University should see courses on importance of values?" which was asked to the students, almost had a positive answer.Most of them (approximately 59%) think that it is important to see specific courses on importance of values, and about 23% of them think it is not important to have a course of this kind.

Table - 16: At which studying period should the subject "Importance of Values" be explained? At which studying period should the subject "Importance of Values" be explained?
When the question "At which studying period should the subject "Importance of Values" be explained?"was asked to male students, 16.19% of them think it should explained during Elementary Education period, 13.81% of them during the High School period and 1.43% of them during University period.Generally the students think that this subject should be explained before University studies, but as we see above in the table there is a low percentage of 1.43 which thinks this subject should be explained during University studies.In comparison with table 10 there is a big difference which shows that 59% of the students say this kind of education should be present during university studies.In the tables below are given statistics for this question, according to the branches of studies the students follow.

Table - 20: According to the gender-Where have you acquired the values you own from? Where have you acquired the values you own from?
The statistics for this question according to the gender are as follow: 2.86% of the males said family, 2.38% family and school, 3.81% family and society, 11.9% family, society and school, 10.48% family and religious education.According to the females; 17.62% family, 10.48% family and school, 2.86% family and society, 20% family, school and society, 17.62% family and religious education.As a conclusion female students, think that family, school and religious education have a bigger effect on acquiring this values.

Table - 21: According to the branch of studies-Where have you acquired the values you own from? Table-22: According to the birthplace-Where have you acquired the values you own from
Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%) Count Per.(%)